Haworthia is an extensive genus of attractive little succulent plants belonging to the Asphodelaceae family. Almost 150 accepted species of Haworthia are updated in The Plant List, all native to South Africa.
They are low growing houseplants that form rosettes of leaves of varying sizes, depending on the species. The leaves are firm and fleshy green with distinct ivory bands or lines with small, white flowers. It is very versatile and grows in different styled containers.
Haworthias closely resemble scaled-down aloes, and their common names include zebra cactus, pearl plant, and cushion aloe. These plants are easy to grow and don’t require complicated handling.
The following advice will assist you in looking after this charming, decorative plant.
Sunlight
Haworthia species require part sun exposure for optimal growth. These plants are fond of bright light but vulnerable to direct sunlight. It is essential to place them in the shade of an object or plant, similar to their natural habitat. The ideal placement is in a room with large windows that allow sunlight for a few short hours.
To detect excess sunlight exposure, look for white or yellow leaves. If it doesn’t get adequate light, the green color fades away. They are also suited for artificial lighting.
Watering
The plants are watered evenly and liberally each day in warm seasons. Always ensure that the soil is dry before watering it again and, in winters, water the plant every month. The pot should have adequate drainage so the plant isn’t overly hydrated. Succulents should never sit in too much water, as wicking action can ruin it.
Temperature and Humidity
Most Haworthia species can settle to different temperatures. They adjust to warm temperatures in the summer and enjoy a moderately cool climate in winters. The best possible temperature for growth is 24 to 32°C. The risk of a freezing injury increases at about 4°C. But, most species survive a light frost.
Like most succulents, Haworthias don’t require any humidity. It sustains well when supplied with sufficient ventilation, especially during the night. A running fan will also help circulate air throughout the room. Other than that, it is very low-maintenance.
Plant Nutrition
Due to the small size, they don’t require much fertilizer. A dilute fertilizer is only applied in active growth phases. A newly potted Haworthia is not fertilized for a year. Fertilizing is also avoided in peak summers as the plant is in a resting period. NPK or 10-10-10 cactus fertilizers are fundamental for growing Haworthia. Urea-based fertilizers are avoided as they change the pH of the soil.
Toxicity
All Haworthia species are commonly non-toxic to humans and animals.
Air-Purifying
These plants are a great source of air-purifiers, as they continuously produce oxygen throughout the night. It helps remove air pollutants and toxins, all while eliminating radiation and bacteria.
Repotting
Haworthias are slow-growing plants and don’t require frequent repotting. The plants can be changed into new soils every three years. Most plants form clusters, so replace pots once the bunch has outgrown it. This phenomenon mostly occurs during spring or fall. Be sure to clean the plant of any dried leaves before repotting.
Additional Care
All in all, Haworthias are undemanding when it comes to care and attention. But showing considerable concern helps it thrive. Some additional tips to watch over your plant are as follows.
- Fertilize it in a balanced manner during fall and spring.
- Adding stones to the top of the pot helps keep the soil leveled and prevents leaves from getting wet.
- Do not water the plant too often, as the leaves will get mushy.
- Repotting the plant every year is not necessary.
Common Issues
Major issues in Haworthia are caused by overwatering the plant. Leaves can become mushy if the water is pooled between the voids. Other than that, it is free from pest attacks. Mealybugs are an exception that can easily be removed physically or by an insecticide.
Diseases
Frequent intense hydration can cause a buildup of fungus and root rot. It is a fairly common problem in Haworthias. Reduced growth and leaf size are prominent symptoms of a rotted root. It can be the reason for plant death.
Final Thoughts
Haworthia is an ideal houseplant in terms of longevity; it also thrives with no particular demands. The classic ornamental appearance gives it our seal of approval. Keeping our care guide in mind, you can easily opt for any species to watch over trouble-free.
